全球首批量产L4级别无人驾驶巴士“上岗开工”

来自国内的消息,近日全球首批量产的 L4 级别无人驾驶巴士在佛山投入使用。该无人驾驶巴士每辆车可搭载 7 名乘客及 1 位安全员,汽车的控制面板在车厢左前方,面板上可以看到无人驾驶巴士检测出的汽车和行人等通过不同的颜色进行标注显示。

介绍称,车上的安全员确认乘客都就坐并系好安全带后,操作控制面板启动汽车;汽车发动之后,安全员全程不需要再做任何操作。无人驾驶巴士会按照预定的路线自行前进和拐弯等,在遇到车辆和行人时,体验者感觉到有明显的刹车和减速。此外汽车在行进过程中,乘客感觉非常平稳。

目前无人驾驶巴士设全民体育公园和千灯湖两个站点,此路段车辆比较少。市民可以通过小程序预约,也可以在站点排队上车,全程是免费的。

根据 SAE 国际标准 J3016,无人驾驶分为 6 个级别,从 L0 到 L5,“无人”化也就是自动化的属性越强:

0 级(有人驾驶):该级别完全由人进行驾驶。

1 级(驾驶者辅助):该级别汽车控制了一些车辆功能,如动态稳定控制系统。大多数现代车都在这个级别中。

2 级(部分自动化):该级别涉及到至少两个主要功能的自动化。例如,一些高端车辆提供的主动巡航控制和车道保持共同工作,这些我们可以将其分为 2 级。

3 级(条件自动化):该级别车辆可以在某些条件下进行自动驾驶,但如果有需要的话,驾驶员可以接管汽车控制。3 级的自动驾驶汽车还是需要有驾驶员的。L3 级也是目前国内外大部分企业投入资金和技术研发的无人驾驶类型,比如特斯拉。

4 级(高度自动化):该级别车辆可以始终处于自己完全控制的状态,即使没有驾驶员也能操作。L4 级驾驶汽车被设计成可以完成所有可以监视道路状况且安全可靠的完整行程,但并不能完成所有的驾驶场景。

5 级(完全自动化):该级别是真正意义上的可以在每个驾驶场景中可以与人类驾驶相当的,完全自主驾驶系统。不久的将来,它甚至可以在极端环境下,驾驶在无法导航行驶的道路上。

可以预见到,在国内部分旅游景区和车辆行人较少的线路,具备投放 L4 级无人驾驶汽车的条件,能够大大节省人力成本。另外,国内有些停车场的智能泊车系统,物流场的自动物流车平台,同样达到了 L4 级别。无人驾驶商业化还是很广阔的,相信未来不久,我们能真正享受到无人驾驶带来的便利与安全。

358 thoughts on “全球首批量产L4级别无人驾驶巴士“上岗开工””

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