美国基因编辑细胞可在人体内长期存活,有望用于抗癌

在美国进行的一项临床试验显示,经过体外多次基因编辑的免疫细胞可在癌症患者体内存活数月,表明这种方法未来有望用于抗癌和治疗其他疾病。

近日发表在美国《科学》杂志上的这项研究显示,美国宾夕法尼亚大学的研究人员使用CRISPR/Cas9等方法多次编辑了从3名癌症患者血液中提取的免疫细胞,并将这些细胞注回患者体内。这些细胞在患者体内存活可达9个月。此前公开数据显示,这类细胞通常在体内生存不会超过一周。这也是美国首个基因编辑疗法的人体临床测试。

被誉为“基因剪刀”的CRISPR基因编辑技术能精确定位并切断DNA上的基因位点,可以关闭某个基因或引入新的基因片段。在本次研究中,研究人员首先成功运用“基因剪刀”敲除了患者T细胞上的2个自然受体,使T细胞可以寻找并杀灭肿瘤细胞。随后,研究者又敲除了阻碍T细胞杀灭癌细胞的1个PD-1检查点,为T细胞杀灭癌细胞“扫清障碍”。这也首次证明了CRISPR/Cas9可同时编辑人体细胞的多个位点。

数月后研究人员从患者血样中分离出这些经过编辑的细胞,结果显示它们在实验室环境中仍可杀灭肿瘤细胞。

论文共同作者、宾夕法尼亚大学免疫学疗法教授卡尔·琼说,这种技术未来有望用于治疗甚至治愈多种疾病。

258 thoughts on “美国基因编辑细胞可在人体内长期存活,有望用于抗癌”

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